Learn Fight Choreography (How to film fight scenes PART 3)__學習戰鬥編排(如何拍攝戰鬥場面 part 3 )

Learn Fight Choreography (How to film fight scenes PART 3)

學習戰鬥編排(如何拍攝戰鬥場面)

source_ Rustic

Welcome back to the “How to film a Fight Scene” series!

歡迎回到如何拍攝"戰鬥場景"系列 !

I am writing this series from my personal experiences in the action film industry, as I attempt to breakdown the science of how to make your own fight scene and learn fight choreography! If you missed it, make sure to read the first two parts to the series..

我正撰寫的這一系列文章，來自我個人在動作電影的經驗，我試著去分析如何自製戰鬥場面和學習戰鬥編排的科學。

Part 1 >> How to study Fight Scenes
Part 2 >> Learning basic Fight Moves

Tony Jaa vs Marrese Crump in a fight scene from The Protector 2

Today we are going to be learning the “rules” and “tricks” to selling hits on camera, and finally filming a practice fight scene!

今天我們要學的是"規則"和"竅門"，去呈現鏡頭上的痛擊(selling hits)，並最後的拍攝練習戰鬥場景

While there are no real “rules” to any art, you will still want to practice the guidelines before you venture into breaking them.. here are a couple of the most common rules to keep in mind.

對於藝術沒有絕對的規則，你會想練習這些準則，在你冒險打破它們前，有一些最常見的規則要記住。

The 180 degree rule. This is the technique that is used to film dialogue scenes in films. Once you establish the geography of a scene and show the position of the characters, you want to make sure your camera doesn’t cross an invisible line which is formed by the interaction of two players.. so if Fighter 1 is on camera left (left side of the screen) and Fighter 2 is camera right, you want to make sure that whichever angles you choose will stay on one side of the “180 line”. (See the fancy diagram below)

180度線 這是一個技術，在電影中使用的電影語言，一旦你建立了一場戲的編排和顯示角色的位置，你想要確保攝影機不會跨越兩個角色互動之間的線，所以如果武師1在攝影機左邊(螢幕左邊)和武師在右邊，你想確保你選的角度是保持在180度線的位置上。(看下圖)

The way you can break this rule without jarring your audience is to either use a “cutaway” shot (show something completely different, then come back), or to have the “switch” happen all in one shot on the screen (ex, one of the fighters crosses camera to the other side of the screen, establishing his new position.)

有個可以破壞這個規則且不會混淆觀眾的方法，就是使用cutaway鏡頭(插入鏡頭:呈現完全不一樣的事物，再回到主線)，或是"轉換"全部發生在同一顆鏡頭裡 (例:一名打者跨越鏡頭到螢幕另一邊，建立他新的位置)

Stacking your hits. This is the secret to selling your punches and kicks. Unless you are using specialized lenses, cameras can’t tell distances very well. This is the key to what lets us stack our hits. Let’s say you want to sell a punch to the face.. what you need to do is make sure the fighter’s fist crosses in front (or behind) the head at one point during the move, and the person getting hit reacts with the correct timing and in the correct direction. You can be up to a foot away and BAM, you have a solid hit.

堆疊你的打擊 這是展現你的拳擊和踢擊，除非你使用特別的鏡頭，攝影機沒辦法抓到距離。這是讓我們堆疊打擊的關鍵。假設你想展現在臉上貓一拳...那你就要確保武師的拳頭會移動到頭的正面或後面，而受擊者在正確時機回應，並在對的方向。

It will take you some practice getting used to all of the different possible angles you can sell a hit from, and the distance and timing required between both performers.. but if you study a lot of fight scenes, you will start thinking of the possibilities intuitively!

但如果你研究了很多戰鬥場面，你會開始直覺地思考可能性。

Playing with eye movement. Remember that we are putting on a show for the viewer. So it is important to keep in mind where their eyes are looking during your fight. If one character kicks the other on the right side of the screen and you decide to continue filming from another angle, try to keep the last action in around the same screen space to make it easier for your viewer’s mind to overlap.. this is something that you could play around with during editing, (adding in camera movement to match your movement in post) but that would benefit you immensely to keep in mind during filming. (Look at pic below for reference.)

玩弄視覺位移 記得我們給觀眾呈現一場表演，有件事一定要記住，他們在看你的戰鬥時，眼睛在看哪裡。如果角色在螢幕上踢向右邊，而你決定從另一個角度繼續拍，試著把上個動作的位置放在銀幕同一邊，可以讓觀眾容易適應。

Start filming with the last action when moving to a different take. If you’re filming a fight scene creatively, you will have the cutting points already settled in your head. When you’re actually on the set, make sure to overlap the last action at the beginning of each take. For example, you decided to switch angles right after someone got kicked in the face.. start the next take with the whole kick in the face again, that way you will have a nice, fluid cutting point.

從上一個動作開始拍攝  假設你決定踢完臉後角度換成右邊，那你下一個take就是從臉已經被踢的動作開始拍新的角度，這樣你就會有一個很棒的又流暢的剪接點。

These 3 takes, filmed starting with the last action, flow well together.

And that’s all you need to know for basics! As soon as you get out there and start filming, you will start coming up with your own rules and tricks that are unique to your style. Don’t be afraid to play around! Remember, we’re just putting on a show 

For the complete beginner, I will now walk you through the basic filming structure. This is a super safe way to film a fight with almost no creativity required on the camera-man’s part. I would only recommend this way of filming to beginners..it’s safe and you will get everything you need, but this will create A LOT of editing work.

對於完全新手，我要介紹你一個基本拍攝結構，這是一個超級安全的方法去拍攝戰鬥場面，不需要攝影師幫忙，我只推薦拍攝新手，它很安全，你可以得到你想要的，但這會有很多的剪輯工作。

– Film one or two MASTER SHOTS from a wide angle so you can see both fighters the entire time. Have them run through the fight a couple of times and try to catch each beat, but don’t stress over selling all of the hits from here.
– Film the fight over each fighter’s shoulder. This is where you want to try and make sure each hit sells.
– Film some CLOSE-UPS and INSERTS on hits that you weren’t able to catch in your other takes, and which you feel will help tell the story of your fight.

--用廣角鏡頭拍攝一到兩個主鏡頭，你可以看到整個對打，讓他們排演幾次，試著抓到彼此的節奏，但不需要把過度用力呈現出拳。

--使用過肩鏡頭。這是可以呈現出拳的地方。

--拍攝一些出拳的特寫和插入鏡頭，可以幫助你的戰鬥故事

Following this route, when you get to editing your fight scene you will have a choice of ~3 different ways to sell each hit. If you do have some creative ideas on how to film your fight, I would recommend you to film the vision in your head and only get the shots you need. That way you can see how it all goes together in the edit, and you won’t spend extra time filming stuff for safety (although I recommend filming a master shot in any case).

依照這些規則，當你剪接你的戰鬥場景，你會有許多個不一樣的選擇，如果你真的有一些不一樣的創意，去處理你的戰鬥，我會建議你在你的腦袋先拍過，然後只取你要的鏡頭。這樣你就可以再剪接裡看到他是怎麼運作，你不會付出額外的時間拍攝 (雖然我建議在任何專案都要拍攝主鏡頭)

“This is how I used to film fights when I first started. It helped me dial in my performances and movement, but my personal style soon outgrew the ‘safe’ way in favor of telling each story in a different way..”

With today’s availability of cameras, you shouldn’t have anything stopping you! Grab a friend, get out there, and film your first practice fight scene! Aim for 12-20 beats, filming 3-7 beats per take. Any camera will do (even your cell phone camera today is better than the camcorders I started with), and you can find editing software online! (I edit on Premiere Pro CC, which has a 30 day free trial available on their site.)

隨著現今攝影機的便利性，你不應該被任何事給阻擋! 拖一個朋友，走出去，拍攝你的第一個練習的戰鬥場面吧!! 目標12-20次打擊, 每一個鏡次3-7打擊，任何攝影機都可以做到(今天你的手機相機也比我剛入行的攝影機好) 你也可以在網路上找到剪輯軟體 ! (我用Premiere Pro CC,30天免費試用)

My friend Marrese Crump’s epic side kick to Tony Jaa in The Protector 2.

If you have any questions or would like some feedback on your fight scene, leave me a comment below, or feel free to send me a message through my facebook page: fb.com/RusticB

In the next article, we will be learning how to edit your fight scenes, and how to perfect your filming technique by learning from yourself in post-production!